Pretty much everyone around here uses round posts. Much easier to get straight taut lines when stapling.
Half rounds are fine but won't last as long. And not strong enough if there are cattle or equines either side.
18" min in the ground, 2" better. We buy 5'6" and have one strand plain (barbed if pigs) below sheep netting, one or two strands, top being barbed, on top. (We have cattle and ponies hence barbed wire.)
You'll need thicker posts (strainers) at each end and at all corners - and for very long stretches, a few along the way.
6" or more for the ends, or railway sleepers; you could get away with 5" for interim strainers.