My neighbour jabs *every* bought in ewe with Alamycin.
If he buys in a load of ewes every year then this may seem excessive. However, if it's just a pen or two occasionally, it's maybe not such a bad idea. It could save bringing in a bacterium to the farm which the incumbents haven't met before, which could result in even greater use of a/bs...
I must say, though, that one thing we think about always when using a/bs is that we don't want to harm the animal's gut flora. We often hold off giving a/bs to young calves if there's an alternative therapy for this reason. And BH isn't really very happy with the double dose of Pen&Strep for bought-in bovines for this reason. However, I've tried it both ways with calves we've bought for the Jerseys to rear, and I agree with the vet.
But a single jag of oxytet or penicillin once in an animals lifetime, and when it isn't a majority of the flock or herd, probably isn't going to have any impact on resistance, which is what this debate is about.
It's more the routine use of a/bs as growth promotors (which still happens in some systems, under different guises), routine use of prophylactic a/bs unnecessarily, and poor dosing discipline - underdosing and the non-completion of courses - which cause the problems, isn't it?