Can you candle them soon as they hatch or do they need incubating for a couple of days first
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Did you mean Layed? You need to incubate for a few days, about 4-6 if you've not done it before. But with some pale shelled eggs, with a good light, it's possible to see some development really soon after setting, 3 days.
I've read that fertility will start to drop after a week, but I've had fine enough success with three week old eggs. As you say, a hen will lay a good 12 or so before sitting, so common sense suggests that eggs 14 days old have a pretty good chance.
(Just plucking figures out of the air,) two week old eggs maybe have something like ~80% chance compared to ~95% chance. Reduced, but probably still worth doing if they're your own eggs rather than ones you're paying for; you'll get more chicks than if you scramble everything past one week old
I intend to do one more batch of pure breds, I'll date them and use eggs up to 3 weeks old again and see which hatches out.