We live in a listed stone house and it was recently renovated from a ruin. As part of that an internal wooded structure was built, with insulation between inner plasterboard wall and outer stone wall; and damp proof membrane up to about knee/thigh height.
Despite the seeming clash between the breathable wall (which is lime mortared) and the impermeable inner structure, which I know experts tell you not to do but we have to meet building regs!, we have had no damp issues from this at all in the past 2 years since it was done despite being in a very exposed position.
In fact the only small patch of fleeting damp we have had was when the cast iron gutters full of snow which turned to ice and then melted and dripped down the wall and then refroze into a sheet, many times repeating the process. Being all lime mortar, eventually a bit of dampness soaked through to the inner wall just above the front door.
If you were going to follow your plan I would (and this might be your intent) be fixing the plasterboard to a frame of wood, not directly to the wall at any point (that way misery lies).