Planning Officers can and do apply whatever tests there are in law, but sometimes they can waive them, but also the case could go to the Planning Committee and they may go on a site visit. They can overturn any decision by a planning Officer, You can also go to appeal, not sure to whom in England but it's the Scottish Government here.
My case was helped considerably by a planning consultant even though it seemed cut and dried by h PO. He focussed he mind of the planning officer. Money well spent in my opinion. Even a short consultation for advice with one would probably calm you down.