I reckon the easiest way to tell is to wait until it rains. A lime render will go very dark compared with its dry colour when it rains, whereas a cement render will just go a bit darker. Also a lime render will normally look a bit more uneven on the surface, as it follows the lumps and bumps of the stone underneath.
Also the edges and corners with lime render are usually a bit softer and blunter, not so sharp.
Here is our place just after it was lime harled last year, the bottom right patch had just been done and was still wet, the rest was still drying too.

and this one shows the 'soft' corners
