The Accidental Smallholder Forum

Livestock => Cattle => Topic started by: Pinecooler on July 27, 2015, 01:28:22 pm

Title: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Pinecooler on July 27, 2015, 01:28:22 pm
Hi all,

I have about 4 acres of land in Aberdeenshire, on which I currently keep pigs and poultry.

I have a field of roughly 2.5acres which when I look at every day I cant help but want to do something with it.

This weekend just past I met with a local breeder of Shetland cattle regarding getting a couple of steers from them.
(MODS: I know there is a Shetland Cattle sub forum but can you please leave this in the general cattle forum as my questions are quite generic)

My preference would be to get two steers a year apart in age, this would mean that I could slaughter/replace one steer a year and I would have my first meat next year. Although I've found nothing to say this is a bad idea, I have not really found anything to say it is a good idea either. The alternative is 2no newly weaned steers.

What I was hoping you all could help me with is to have the rose tinted glasses lifted off and any flaws/pitfalls in my plans made blatantly clear to me.

The key issues in my mind are as follows:
Space - The field they would be in would be 2.5 acres, it would not be my intent to take them in of a winter. I could install fencing to split the field to allow resting of part of the land. There is a 6acre are

Food/Water
Shelter
Transport
Abbatoir
Butcher





The field has just been cut and
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Pinecooler on July 27, 2015, 01:48:28 pm
It seems I somehow managed to post this halfway through writing it, please see below an amended post:

The key issues in my mind are as follows:
Space - The field they would be in would be 2.5 acres, it would not be my intent to take them in of a winter. I could install fencing to split the field to allow resting of part of the land. There is a 6acre area of woodland that supported cattle in the past before it was cut off from its farm by a new road

Food/Water - The field has just been cut giving me 12 bales of silage which should see me through at least this winter

Shelter - I have a prior notification application processing for a field shelter . construction would be a 3.6m x  4m wooden structure with three sides and a roof on top of a 6m x 4m concrete base. These dimensions would comfortable meet the requirements for overwintering if I went down this route

Transport - I have a suitable vehicle for towing and can rent a stock trailer nearby

Abbatoir - There is a local abbatoir in Inverurie also options at Elgin and Grantown

Butcher - I have a good relationship with the local butcher who has processed my pigs to date. I am still to have a discussion with him re hanging

Vet - There is a local agricultural vet practise in the village. While I will not have a proper crush the shelter will incorporate a diy crush using a gate etc
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Marches Farmer on July 27, 2015, 01:59:38 pm
My first thought is that you may have enough forage this year but would need to buy in next year.  Also, depending on your land, it's likely to get pretty badly poached by midwinter, not only around gateways but all over, which will inhibit grass growth going into next growing season.   So, basically, not enough land to keep 2 cattle on on year round.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: SallyintNorth on July 27, 2015, 05:59:40 pm
My initial reactions were that I'm not sure that's enough ground, but it depends, of course, on the type of ground, soil, drainage and local conditions.

The one-in-one-out model isn't ideal; bovines should have herdmates of their own age and stage, and there's a heck of a difference between a just-weaned stirk and one that's 12 months older.  But it might work...

Food/Water - The field has just been cut giving me 12 bales of silage which should see me through at least this winter

I'm not sure how this would work.  Silage bales once opened need used up within 2 days really, 4 at max.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: shep53 on July 27, 2015, 06:48:27 pm
I also think that land space may be a problem and as sally says silage needs to be eaten quickly , if it  was more haylage then it would stretch to a week .   In order to keep them quite to handle and help finish them you might have to feed nuts .   If you try and split 2 beasts one into a trailer and one left in the field  both are going to get upset
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Bionic on July 27, 2015, 07:31:35 pm
I know nothing about cattle but Backinwellies was selling a couple at the end of may because they were too heavy for her wet land. I'm only saying this because she has a lot more land than you do so consider very carefully.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Backinwellies on July 27, 2015, 07:38:05 pm
Just mention my name and up I pop!!  (Thanks Bionic).

Yes to out winter be very aware of soil conditions in such a small area. Also I wouldn't feed anything but small bales to 2 beasts or you will be wasting most of it.  (I used a small hay bale a day for 4 cattle last winter ... out wintered ... only rising to 1.5 when weather got really cold.)

   
 Maybe you could consider something smaller?   Dexter?  or would sheep be a better option?
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: SallyintNorth on July 27, 2015, 08:26:35 pm
If you try and split 2 beasts one into a trailer and one left in the field  both are going to get upset

I'd assumed the new one would be bought before the oldest was taken away.  So there'd never be one in the field.  Because there'd never be one in the field; any beast left alone would break out, or damage itself trying.  But this isn't ideal either, the bigger older two would be bullying the youngster until the oldest was taken away.

I haven't quite got my mind around the age logistics either.  Assuming you'd want the oldest away before it was 30 months, you'd need to be buying your youngster at under 6 months old.  Suckler calves are usually kept on their dams until 8 months, aren't they?  So you'd be getting it weaned early, just to suit the one-in one-out model.  Not sure I think that makes sense, to either you or the breeder.  And a 6 mo old calf joining a 'herd' of an 18 mo teenager and a 30 mo great big adult...  :thinking:  Not very sure about it, at all. 

You could look at buying in younger beef x calves from a dairy herd, and bucket-rearing, but you'd need to get two or more at a time.  Then you could sell one and butch one, or something like that?  But you'd need to be good at picking the hardy ones, many half dairy types wouldn't outwinter, certainly not at under 12 mo.

Could you winter them in the shed, let them out when the weather's moderate?

Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Pinecooler on July 27, 2015, 09:23:42 pm
hi all, thanks for the comments. in response please see below.


steers: The intention had been to introduce the new calf before despatching the eldest. if it goes past 30 months then id have to live with that. However: it seems the age difference as id expected is not going to work. I first got the idea based on getting an in calf cow with a calf at foot. remove mum and it seems it falls apart.


sheep: i have no interest in keeping sheep, i could probably rent the field to a local sheep farmer if i dont end up using it myself


ground: i am purposefully building a building that would be suitable for overwintering, id prefer not to close them in but if i found them too heavy on the ground i will do so. Also i have a good feeling about the adjacent woodland being available


feed: The silage was quite a last minute thought and not being able to find anyone local doing small bales i had to settle on large ones. as i dont have any suitable outbuildings, hay wasn't an option. I could always sell them on and buy in hay, expensive i knowbut i'm not doing this for the money.


Thanks again for the comments, i'm not going to be biting the bullet for a few months so plenty of time to be certain that i'm making the right decision.


Chris



Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: SallyintNorth on July 27, 2015, 11:31:01 pm
it seems the age difference as id expected is not going to work. I first got the idea based on getting an in calf cow with a calf at foot. remove mum and it seems it falls apart.

Personally I am not a fan of a single-cow-and-her-calves setup, either.  Bovines need company of another bovine at the same stage and this is especially true for cows with calves.  It's a heck of a job, protecting calves on your own.

Sorry to have been the water on your fireworks.  Keep thinking, you might come up with something that'll work.  Especially if you can get the use of that 6ac woodland.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: oor wullie on July 28, 2015, 07:40:41 am
I think that you have a good enough set up for keeping a couple of steers for half of the year (the summer half), it is the winter half that you have to think about.

As others have said, 2 beasts will poach the ground quite a lot over the winter (even wee Shetlands), this is not just a problem in winter - the grass on the ground that we had our cows on last winter has still not recovered properly even though the cows have been off it for months, this reduces the summer grazing available and it becomes a bit of a downward spiral of degrading the land.

As you have thought you could keep them in your shelter, perhaps with a bit of a pen in-front of it.  Can you get water and a way of feeding them in the shelter?
Alternatively your woods are potentially ideal for wintering cattle.  Assuming feeding and water are easily arranged then I would probably go down this route.  Woods can give quite a bit of shelter and there will be plenty of interest for them.

I have a similar open fronted shelter and tied a calving gate across the front which made for an acceptable way of restraining a cow if needed.  Just an idea you might want to consider.

I think whatever you do you will probably have to buy in some winter feed but that is a small price to pay for the joy of having cattle.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Scotsdumpy on July 28, 2015, 09:26:00 am
Hi, I dont want to add to the pros and cons of what and how to feed but if you are looking for good quality calves Mackies dairy near Oldmeldrum always have calfs (of varying stages) for sale. The breeds are mainly jersey/british blue and depending on wether you want to raise a couple for sending off to market before winter or do what weve done which is raise two females to breeding age.
Hope this helps!!
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: SallyintNorth on July 28, 2015, 10:33:02 am
Hi, I dont want to add to the pros and cons of what and how to feed but if you are looking for good quality calves Mackies dairy near Oldmeldrum always have calfs (of varying stages) for sale. The breeds are mainly jersey/british blue and depending on wether you want to raise a couple for sending off to market before winter or do what weve done which is raise two females to breeding age.
Hope this helps!!

Well, there's a thought. You could buy a bullock and a heifer, rear them to 15 months, slaughter the bullock and sell the heifer as a bulling heifer.  Or if you wanted to keep them longer, get the heifer AI'd and sell her in calf when you're ready to send the bullock off.  If she doesn't hold to a service then you'd need to sell her in the fat or store ring, of course.

I doubt if Jersey x British Blue would be hardy enough to outwinter if it's wet, but between the shed (if it's very wet weather) and the wood if it's dryer, you could keep them comfortable.

If you do decide to go this route, make sure the heifer isn't the twin of a bull calf; they are generally non-breeders.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: shep53 on July 28, 2015, 08:21:51 pm
Buy a second big freezer and kill both at once
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Pinecooler on July 29, 2015, 03:30:26 pm
Hi all,

My current thoughts based on the feedback are as follows:

Get 2 weaned steers (and maybe 1 a year older) in November

If the weather permits give them some time in the field to eat the grass that is there.

Once they start making too much of a mess of the land close them up in the shed for winter. Feeding them my silage and also bought in feed when the silage runs out.

The shed will have ~15m^2 internal and 10m^2 external space on concrete

In the spring let them loose.

If I got an older steer at the same time he will go off for slaughter after the summer, leaving the other two for another winter after which they will be slaughtered together when they come of age.

If I manage to secure the extra woodland I may rethink all of this.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: SallyintNorth on July 29, 2015, 05:49:52 pm
Sounds like a plan.  If you find the three of them are too much for the land next spring, presumeably the older one can be sent off sooner rather than later.

Let us know how you get on.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: shep53 on July 29, 2015, 10:03:18 pm
You will need a source of straw to bed them on overwinter , and you'll be surprised how much 3 beasts eating silage and having  outside access , so getting wet will use .  Somewhere to keep the straw dry ,  not  vital but preferable .      will you be feeding in a ring or half a ring on the concrete  pad   ?  Do you have a loader to handle the silage   ? or maybe a hay knife to cut it in  slices .      Some way to keep the outside pad clean ?
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: SallyintNorth on July 29, 2015, 10:08:19 pm
You'd be better to buy feed grade straw and let them eat it and use it as bedding. Silage goes straight through them ;), they'll stay cleaner eating predominantly straw.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: farmvet on July 30, 2015, 11:12:09 pm
As a rough guide most farmers work on 10 bales silage and 10 bales of straw per head per winter for adult stock. Dont forget to think about tractor access to your shed for feeding, bedding & mucking out midwinter. If you cant access from a hard track you'll really poach the field up.
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: SallyintNorth on July 31, 2015, 12:52:21 am
BH uses the calculation 20 beasts eat a bale of silage in a day.  Or 10 beasts eat a bale every other day.  He doesn't like it to be lying for more than 48 hours, although we used to feed the sheep a bale over three to four days on the moorland farm.

Our winter (when we need to be feeding the beasts) is generally about six months, can of course be up to two months longer.  So 10 bales of silage per beast sounds like a reasonable rule of thumb.   :thumbsup:
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Factotum on July 31, 2015, 09:20:46 am
A rule of thumb based on adults of typical large beef breeds will probably be far too high for Shetland youngsters. We keep a range of Shetlands over winter: adult cows with their spring-born calves; steers and heifers from the previous spring; and fattening steers from the year before. We feed them ad lib and I don't try to keep tabs on how much is consumed by the different ages. Overall they get through about 4.5 bales per head in a typical winter, more when the grass is slow to start in spring. It works out at roughly 0.7 bales per head per month, plus whatever rough grazing they manage to find since they're not shut in.

That's hay though. Never used silage so can't comment on that.

Sue

Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: SallyintNorth on July 31, 2015, 09:51:44 am
Good point Sue!   :-[
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Louise P on July 31, 2015, 09:33:25 pm
Very much depends on how wet your big bales are. We bale them almost dry for the horses and when the weather's cold they can last a good 10 days. You'll be able to judge for yourself once you've opened yourffirst bale  :)
Title: Re: Why Shouldnt I
Post by: Pinecooler on July 31, 2015, 09:55:54 pm
Thanks all for all of your comments. It seems I'm getting closer to a workable solution pending confirmation of feed/straw supply.


Sally, can you clarify what you mean by feed grade straw?


I currently have a storage area that can take about 30-40 rectangular straw bales. this coulf probably be increased easily to 40-50. This will give me a buffer of hay/straw but I'll need to make sure I can get a continual supply through the winter.


Thanks again for your comments